Tuubbooyinka isku dhafan ee birta daloolin waxay ka samaysan yihiin bir bir ah oo qabow-duuban iyo heerkulbeegyo sida alaab cayriin ah, iyo tuubooyinka birta dhuuban ee dhuuban ee ay sameeyeen alxanka dabada dabada ee argon ama alxanka balaasmaha ayaa loo isticmaalaa xoojin ahaan. Lakabyada dibadda iyo gudaha waa heerkulbeegyo isku dhafan oo laba-dhinac ah. Nooca cusub ee tuubada cadaadiska isku dhafan, Sababtoo ah xoojinta tuubooyinka birta dhuuban ee dhuuban waxaa lagu duuduubay heerkulbeegga joogtada ah, tuubadaan isku dhafan kaliya kama adkaanayso cilladaha u gaarka ah ee tuubooyinka birta iyo tuubooyinka caagga ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxay leedahay adkaanta tuubooyinka birta iyo daxalka caabbinta tuubooyinka caagga ah. Waxay xal u tahay warshadaha batroolka iyo kiimikada. Waa dhuumo si degdeg ah loogu baahan yahay oo ah dhuumo waaweyn iyo dhexroor dhexdhexaad ah oo ku yaal beeraha dawooyinka, cuntada, macdanta, gaaska iyo beeraha kale. Sidoo kale waa guul tignoolajiyadeed kacaan si loo xalliyo dhuumaha ugu muhiimsan ee dhismaha iyo biyo-gelinta dawladda hoose. Waa nooc cusub oo ah dhuumaha isku dhafan ee 21kastqarniga.
Waxqabadka nadaafadda
Tilmaanta nadaafadda iyo badbaadada tuubada isku dhafan ee birta daloolinaysa waxay buuxinaysaa shuruudaha GB9687 "Heerka Nadaafadda ee Badeecadaha Polyethylene Molded ee Baakadaha Cuntada" iyo GВ/Т17219 "Heerka Qiimaynta Badbaadada ee Qalabka Qaybinta Biyaha iyo Qalabka iyo Qalabka Ilaalinta". Waa bedelka ugu fiican ee tuubooyinka galvanized iyo tuubooyinka birta ah ee la shubay.
Darbiga gudaha ee siman iyo waxqabadka wareegga
Darbiga gudaha ee suunka birta mesh birta tuubada isku dhafan waa mid aad u siman, qallafsanaantuna waa kaliya 1/20 ee tuubada birta. Awoodda gudbinta ee isla shuruudo isku mid ah ayaa qiyaastii 30% ka sarreeya tan tuubada birta.
Cabbirka qeexidda, leexashada iyo cadaadiska magaca: buuxi shuruudaha Wasaaradda dhismaha halbeegga CJ/T181-2003 | |||||
Dhexroorka magaca ah ee bannaanka iyo leexashada | Dhumucda derbiga magacaaban iyo leexashada | Ka baxsan wareega | Cadaadis magac ahaan | Qiimaha S ugu yar | Dhererka iyo leexashada |
Dn(mm) | En(mm) | Mm | Mpa | Mm | mm |
50+0.5 0 | 4.0+0.5 9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 6000+20 0 9000+20 0 12000+20 0 |
60+0.6 0 | 4.5+0.6 0 | 1.26 | 1.0 | 1.5 | |
75+0.7 0 | 5.0+0.7 0 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | |
90+0.9 0 | 5.5+0.8 0 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 1.5 | |
110+1.0 0 | 6.0+0.9 0 | 2.2 | 1.0 | 1.5 | |
140+1.1 0 | 8.0+1.0 0 | 2.8 | 1.0 | 2.5 | |
160+1.2 0 | 10.0+1.1 0 | 3.2 | 1.0 | 2.5 | |
200+1.3 0 | 11.0+1.2 0 | 4.0 | 1.0 | 2.5 | |
250+1.4 0 | 12.0+1.3 0 | 5.0 | 0.8 | 3.5 | |
315+1.6 0 | 13.0+1.4 0 | 6.3 | 0.8 | 3.5 | |
400+1.6 0 | 15.0+1.5 0 | 8.0 | 0.8 | 3.5 | |
500+1.7 0 | 16.0+1.6 0 | 10.0 | 0.6 | 4.0 | |
630+1.8 0 | 17.0+1.7 0 | 12.3 | 0.6 | 4.0 | |
Fiiro gaar ah: Cadaadiska magaca ah ee tuubada isku dhafan waa cadaadiska ugu badan ee loo oggol yahay tuubada inay ku qaado biyaha 20 ° C. Haddii heerkulku isbeddelo, cadaadiska shaqada waa in la saxo iyadoo loo eegayo isku-dhafka heerkulka heerkulka ee walxaha kala duwan. Qiimaha S: fogaanta dhexroorka dibadda ee xoojinta ilaa dusha sare ee tuubada. |
Shuruudaha waxqabadka jirka iyo farsamada | ||
Mashruuca | Waxqabadka | |
Qalafsanaanta giraanta, KN/m2 | >8 | |
Yaraynta dhererka (110 ° C, ilaali 1 saac) | <0.3% | |
Tijaabada Haydarooliga | Heerkulka: 20°C; Waqtiga: 1h; Cadaadiska magaca x2 | Aan jabin |
Heerkulka: 80°C; Waqtiga: 165h; Cadaadis: Cadaadis magac-u-yaal x2x0.71 (wax yaraynta) | ||
Tijaabada cadaadiska dilaaca | Heerkulka: 20°C, cadaadiska dilaaca≥cadaadiska magaca x3.0 | Qarax |
Waqtiga soo saarista oksaydhisku (200°C), min | >20 | |
U adkaysta fidinta culayska degdega ah (80°C, 4.0Mpa)/h | >1000 | |
Iska caabin cimilo (ka dib marka tuubku helo≥3.5GJ/m2tamarta gabowga) | Buuxi shuruudaha shayada 2,3 iyo 4 ee shaxdan, waxayna ilaalin kartaa waxqabadka alxanka wanaagsan |